ABSTRACT
This research work is aimed at ascertaining the various roles played by using computer in recording accounting information problems and prospects in the modern business world using Bendel feed and flour mill, Ewu, Edo state as a case study. The importance of using computer in recording accounting information will be apparent when considering the fact from the data that is gathered in the course of this work, from the related literature as well as, from interviews and discussions. Also questionnaires were distributed equally and collected which yielded or revealed that the use of computer in recording accounting information [played a positive role in initiating computer use in the modern business world. The information supplied by the Chief accountant in Bendel feed and flour mill Ewu, Edo state contributed to the success of the exercise. The statistical analysis that used in the study includes the hypothesis testing in which the questionnaire is analyzed under their related hypothesis and the use of chi-square test of homogeneity. It was also discovered that it is important among other groups of professionals needed for this implementation of the exercise. Therefore, they formed the pillar on which any successful establishment rests upon. We recommended that the use of computer in recording accounting information should be give a free hand in implementation exercise in order to enhance the importance of the use of computer in recoding accounting information.
7
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE PAGE…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………i
APPROVAL PAGE………………………………………………………………………………………………………….ii
DEDICATION………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..iii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT……………………………………………………………………………………………………iv
ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………v
TABLE OF CONTENT…………………………………………………………………………………………………….vi
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………………………………………1
1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY……………………………………………………………………………………1
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM………………………………………………………………………….2
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF STUDY…………………………………………………………………………………………4
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS……………………………………………………………………………………….6
8
1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS……………………………………………………………………………………..7
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY…………………………………………………………………………….8
1.7 SCOPE, LIMITATIONS AND DELIMITATION OF STUDY…………………………………………9
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW……………………………………………………………………………………12
2.1 HISTORY OF COMPUTER/DEFINITION………………………………………………………………12
2.2 COMPARISON OF MANUAL AND COMPUTER INFORMATION PROCESSING…………15
2.3 ELECTRONIC DATA COLLECTION (EDP)…………………………………………………………….16
2.4 DATA INPUT/OUTPUT AND THE MEDIA SYSTEM………………………………………………19
2.5 PARTS/ELEMENTS OF A COMPUTER………………………………………………………………….26
2.6 AREAS OF COMPUTER APPLICATION………………………………………………………………….33
2.7 LIMITATION OF THE USE OF COMPUTER……………………………………………………………37
2.8 THE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF A DATA PROCESSING DEPARTMENT……39
9
2.9 PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH THE USE OF COMPUTER IN RECORDING ACCOUNTING INFORMATION……………………………………………………………………………..50
REFERENCE……….....................................................................................................................................55
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 RESEARCH DISGN AND METHODOLOGY………………………………………………………..56
3.1 RESEARCH DESIGN……………………………………………………………………………………………56
3.2 POULATION OF THE STUDY………………………………………………………………………………56
3.3 SAMPLE SIZE OF THE STUDY…………………………………………………………………………….57
3.4 SOURCES OF DATA OF THE STUDY……………………………………………………………………58
3.5 INSTRUMENT OF DATA COLLECTION………………………………………………………………..59
3.6 VALIDITY OF INSTRUMENT OF THE STUDY………………………………………………………60
3.7 REIABILITY OF INSTRUMENT OF THE STUDY……………………………………………………60
3.8 METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS…………………………………………………………………………….60
CHAPTER FOUR
10
4.0 PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA……………………………………………………...62
4.1 PRESENTATION OF DATA………………………………………………………………………………….62
4.2 ANALYSIS OF RESPONSE……………………………………………………………………………………63
4.3 TEST OF HYPOTHESIS AND PROOF……………………………………………………………………70
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 FINDINGS/CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS…………………………………….83
5.1 FINDINGS………………………………………………………………………………………………………….83
5.2 CONCLUSIONS…………………………………………………………………………………………………...84
5.3 RECOMMENDATIONS………………………………………………………………………………………...86
BIBLIOGRAPHY………………………………………………………………………………………………….89
APPENDIX………………………………………………………………………………………………………….91
11
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
In this present world, individual, business men, firms and government have seen the effects of computer in the area of recording and safe keeping of information,.
However, this computer cannot function unless the day-to-day business activities are well documented and fed into it properly.
Every business set up has different levels of management and each of these levels of management needs information to enable them make decision on how the objective of the organization can be achieved likewise, the government.
In Nigeria before the advent of computer, nearly all clerical works are, done by paper and pen. This gives rise to
ï‚® Mismanagement of stationeries.
ï‚® Errors and omissions in accounting enterprises
12
ï‚® Monotonous work and tiredness and other, associated clerical problems. But since the introduction of computer, problems are minimized. Therefore, the use of computer in recording accounting information in this modern world cannot be over sighted. In the past, recording, filing and safekeeping of information was known as “routine clerical work” but with the advent of sophisticated, electronic business machines it is now known as “data processing”.
Today, no business can survive without the use of computer especially, in recording accounting information.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS
The problems of computerized accounting and computer are as follows:
a. DATA/INFORMATION INPUT:
“Garbage in garbage out” is a general phenomenon in computer. Electronic computer has no self-judgment and as such devoid of human errors becauseit’s what you feed into the computer (input) that it gives out (output). For example, if one
13
feeds in wrong data into the computer, no matter how efficient the programming may be, wrong output will be the outcome because the computer has been misled.
b. COMPUTER LANGUAGE:
Computer has its own language and all data are programmed and written in this special language. Therefore, it required a lot of training without which computer will not make any meaning to the users.
c. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS:
Computer does not function effectively in a hot environment, for this reason it requires huge amount in installing air-conditions to enhance efficiency.
d. COST:
Small businesses cannot afford computer because it is costly to buy and maintain which constitutes a bottleneck in getting correct information and as such, the small businesses cannot thrive in the present of the big ones.
14
e. AWARENESS:
Some individuals, business men, firms, and government are not fully aware or do not know about the importance, advantages, disadvantages, and in-depth problems/prospects study of the use of computer in keeping accounting records and information.