This thesis dealt with in-school and home factors that influencernparticipation and academic performance of primary school girls in AmhararnRegion. In undertaking the study the descriptive survey method was used.rnTwo- zor:les from- tt:le-region were- first- identified- loJsing the pUFpesivernsampling method. Then twelve sample primary schools were selectedrnrandomly from six districts. Questionnaire, structured interview forms andrndocument inspection form were employed for data collection. The subjectsrnof the study included a total of 240 pupils, 97 teachers and 43 parents.rnGender Parity index, frequency distributions and percentages were appliedrnin analyzing and reporting the results. The major findings revealed that:rnthe attitude of parents regarding the importance of education for girls havernpositively changed; dropout rate of female pupils is relatively lower thanrnboys but higher at grades 1 and 2; imbalanced home duties interfere veryrnmuch in the education of girls; and the scholastic achievements of femalernpupils are lower compared to males. Recommendations forwarded include:rngirls from impoverished families need support; parents should bernsensitized so that household routines would be shared fairly and equally inrnthe family; and compensatory assistance should be provided to femalernpupils in order to improve their academic performance.