A Three Year Retrospective Descriptive Analysis Study On Prevalence And Pattern Of Zygomatico Maxillary Complex Fracture In Addis Ababa University Maxillofacial Surgery Affiliated Hospitals At Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical Coll

Background - The zygomatic bone is anatomically a ‘tetrapod’ structure, as it maintains four points rnof articulation with the frontal, temporal, maxilla and greater wing of sphenoid bone. Due to thernprominent mid face location of the cheek, the fracture of the zygomaticomaxillary complexrnrepresents the second most common fracture of the maxillofacial skeleton. Majority ofrnzygomaticomaxillary complex fractures are caused by personal altercations. Potential complicationsrnassociated with ZMC fractures include malar malposition, enophthalmos, visual disturbances andrnpersistent sensory disturbances of the cheek. rnObjective - To assess the prevalence and pattern of zygomaticomaxillary fracture in Addis AbabarnUniversity, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery affiliated hospitals Yekatit 12 HMC & St. peter rnhospital. rnMethods – A 3 year retrospective descriptive cross sectional study from Jan 2017 – Dec 2019 G.C. rnwas undertaken among zygomatic complex fracture patients treated at Yekatit 12 HMC & St. peterrnspecialized hospital. rnResult – Total 79 patients were treated for zygomatic complex fracture in the department withinrnspecified period of time, giving a male: female ratio of 4.3:1. In patients sustaining ZMC fracture, rnthe etiology was assault in 36 (45.57%), Road traffic accident in 31 (39.24%), falling down accidentrn10 (12.66%). 41 (51.90%) patients sustained fractures of the zygomatic bone, 8 (10.13%) hadrnfractures of the zygomatic arch and 30 (37.97%) patients had fractures of the zygomatic bone withrnother associated maxillofacial fracture. rnConclusion - Most commonly affected age group was between 21-30 years. Assaults followed byrnroad traffic accident are the most prevalent causes of zygomatic complex fracture. Isolated rnzygomatic complex fracture was the most common type of fracture. Most patients treated by openrnreduction with internal fixation. rnRecommendation – Further studies should be conducted in the area to identify associated risks,rndetermine cause effect relationship and proof the hypothesis.

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