After school programs have played a valuable role especially in improving the academic achievements. Especially, the programs have a valuable impact in increasing the grade result of students on those who attend. Meanwhile, the factors contribute in the after school program which enhance the student academic score is not clearly known. Given such limitation, the study was conducted to know the impact of after school program in improving the academic achievement of students in Bole private primary schools. As of the first stage of sampling, out of 90 private primary school found in Bole sub-city, 38 private primary schools that give after school program were selected based on purposive sampling method. As of the second stage of sampling, 10 (ten) private primary schools that give after school from grade one to grade eight were chosen. Based on appropriate statistical instrumental formula, 102 final respondents that teach both after-school and regular program were selected. Moreover, 10 school principals and 10 school directors from the sampled school were interviewed through key informant interview.rnThe study employed descriptive statistics, paired sample t-test, two way factorial ANOVA and qualitative ways of analysis to achieve the set objectives. The variables addressed in the study are (1) student academic achievement, (2) student attendance, (3) student motivation, (4) parental involvement, (5) structure of the program and (6) climate of the program. According to paired sample t-test result, students that attend after school program have higher grade result (score) than the students did not attend. The two way factorial ANOVA revealed, climate of the program, student attendance, student motivation and structure of the program had a positive impact on the academic achievement among the students that attend after school program. However, parental involvement did not have impact on the student academic achievement. Generally from the findings of the study, it was concluded that, after school program have a positive impact on improving the academic result of students that attend than students did not attend. Therefore it is recommended that, in-addition to the current session; additional session program should be established and it should include more academic exercise activities for students.rnKey word: after school program, academic achievement