The purpose of this study was to evaluate the roles of principals and challenges of Managing Secondary government schools in kirkos sub city in Addis Ababa .Sample size: at all 154, supportive staffs 41 and teachers 80, 13 department heads selected by using simple random sampling technique, Interview with 16 principals by availability sampling technique in each school. To this end, descriptive survey method was employed. Accordingly 121 questionnaires were distributed out of which 80 from teachers and 41 from supportive staffs; totally 113 were properly filled and returned back. For this study questionnaire was used as the main instrument of data collection from school teachers and supportive staffs. The data obtained from questionnaire was analyzed using statistical tools such as frequency, percentages, weighted mean score and standard deviation, chi square. On the other hand, the data obtained through interview, focus group discussion (FGD) analyzed qualitatively to substantiate the result of quantitative analysis. Accordingly, the study results reveal inappropriate planning of teachers and staff, lack of proper recruitment and selection procedures, poor performance appraisal system the over load of work of secondary school principals, deficiency of handling human resource management and guide to work as critical weakness and limitations to function properly, let alone to achieve quality education. The study recommends the human relation must ensure the recruitment, selection and placement of talented and committed teachers and staff in schools. Besides, training development should be continuous, comprehensive and result oriented. The appraisal should also align individual performance expectations with goals of schools and finally reduce the work load of school principals, provide incentives high performance principals