Background:Child sexual abuse remains a silent crime which occurs in different settings andrncuts across varying social classes. Child sexual abuse is a serious breach of basic human rightsrnand is responsible for numerous adverse sequelae its wide-spread presence in both developingrnand developed countries is well documented. Child sexual abuse is a serious worldwide publicrnhealth concern that requires collective, as well as individual, pro-active measures forrnsafeguarding childrenâ€™s rights. Child sexual abuse is associated with a variety of problems in thernshort and the long term for both male and female victims.rnObjective: To assess the pattern and predisposing conditions of child sexual abuse amongrnfemale Children seen in Gandhi Memorial Hospital Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2017rnMethods: The research was conducted by collecting reported child sexual abuse cases from thernrecords of patients who presented to Gandhi Memorial Hospital as a case of Child sexual abusernfrom March 2016 to February 2017 seen in Gandhi Memorial Hospital. Systematic randomrntechniques were used to determine the sample size.rnResults: Being a total of 292 selected samples of victim children was included from the one yearrnperiod then completed a semi-structured questionnaire and data were analysed.Their peak age isrnadolescent age (12-18yr). Most of the victims (41.1%) live with their both parents, followed byrnsingle parent care taker. Nearly half of the cases were victimized at their own home followed byrntheir neighbour home. Even though most of them have old hymen injury physical finding atrnpresentation, minor laceration and major bleedings were also common. Almost all thernperpetrators are male and majority of the perpetrators are known by the child and most of themrnuse alcohol during the time of attack.rnConclusion:From the study it shows female children are at risk of sexual abuse irrespective ofrntheir age, socioeconomic status and degree of relationship between the perpetrators andrnvictims.The proportion of child sexual abuse at Gandhi Memorial Hospital is estimated 73.3%,rnfrom the total victims of females, some came down with pregnancy.Presences of family problemrnwere a predisposing factor for CSA.rnRecommendations: As we observed CSA is becoming one of problem of the public healthrnproblem so it is important that effective preventive strategies must be developed andrnimplemented.Establishment of child protection centre is mandatory. We should enhance CSArndata documentation to utilize for the promotion of evidence based CSA policy & programming