Ethiopia implemented various resettlement programs in different regimes. Part of the different objectives include promoting rational land use; conserving resources; providing access to clean water and to health and education services; strengthening security, and more . This study is aimed to understand the human rights protection of settlers in resettlement sites at Essera woreda of Dawuro zone, southwestern Ethiopia.. The study is a qualitative study which used different data collection methods such as in-depth interview, FGD and personal observation. The study found out the multifaceted violations of rights of settlers ranging from their right to education, the constitutionally guaranteed rights of individuals to promote their culture, to use their language, to preserve and promote their history and identity to their right to employment and the basic political rights. The resettlement sites face huge problems of sanitation, feeble infrastructure and basic facilities such as electricity and water. There is problem of good governance and a tense / antagonistic relationship between hosts and re-settlers that put the sustainability of the program under question. Lack of any responsible body promoting and/or protecting the rights and interests of settlers make the problems more critical. Even though the resettlement scheme in the study area is applauded for enhancing food security and attending to the basic food demand of the settler communities, the settler communities face multifaceted challenges and various violations of rights.