The Abijata-Shala Lakes National Park (ASLNP) was established in 1970 over an arearnof 887 km2 of land, to conserve the spectacular aquatic birds and the biodiversity of thernlocality. It is one of the most beautiful spots of Ethiopia, possessing blue lakes edgingrnwith flat-topped acacia trees, magnificent wealth of avifauna, the lava caves, and hotrnsprings. Two Important Bird Areas are registered within this park where it containsrnover 436 bird species, and is a home for a total of 76 mammal species. Besides ofrntheir ecological values, the park resources enabled to generate about 2.1 million ETBrnto the national economy through tourism provision between the years of 1989 to 2007,rnand created job opportunities for citizens.rnHowever, most of the objectives for the establishment of the ASLNP are not yetrnimplemented and realized. Conflicting objectives are prevailing conceming thernconservation of resources among stakeholders. There are two types of incompatiblernland use systems, consumptive and non-consumptive, going on in the national park,rnwhich affected the natural resources to the extent that the whole ecosystemrnfunctioning and its biodiversity is put in jeopardy. Currently population settlement, farmrnland expansion, overgrazing, tree cutting, fishing, sand mining, mineral salt extraction,rnand water abstraction constitute the major challenges of nature conservation with theirrnserious consequences on the tourism resources. Population pressure, land scarcity,rnpoverty, loose stakeholders coordination, and the conservation policies andrnapproaches practiced for decades are found to be among the major driving forces forrnthe huge resource degradation in the park. This study made a thorough investigationrnon the existing conservation and management challenges, their sources, causes, andrnconsequences on the tourism attractions in the national park. For this purpose,rnadequate data was generated from different primary and secondary sources usingrnvarious techniques. In the primary data collection process, 100 households, 24 visitorsrnand other stakeholders from the surrounding were administered by way of surveyrnquestionnaire. The process was backed by discussion, interview and observation inrnthe study area, where the author believes it was vital to understand the perception,rnoutlook and resource handling mechanism of different actors within the ASLNP