Corruption can be defined as “the abuse of public for private individual or groups to whom one owners allegiance. It occurs when a public official accepts solicits or extorts payment or when private agents offer a payment to circumvent the law for competitive or personal advantage.

TYEPS OF CORRUPTION

1 BRIBERY AND CORRUPTION

Bribery is the act of promising, giving or agreeing to receive money or some other items of value with the corrupt aim of influencing a publci official in the discharge of his official duties. When the money has been offered or promised in exchange for a corrupt act, the official involved need not actually accomplish that act for the offense of bribery to be complete. It is the payment sought by public official or offered by private agents in return for favours such as government contract.

GREASS PAYMENT

i Is money paid to public official to do work that are already being paid to do such as issuing a license.

ii PETTY CORRUPTION

It is the collection of a public official with a member fo the public to subvert the system by senior government officials, ministers and heads of state.

iii BUREAUCRATIC CORRUPTION

This is abuse of discretion by public officials to bend or circumvent rule and regulation in exchange for creating benefits.

2 POLITICAL CORRUPTION

Political corruption is he trading of influence and authority by political leaders and may extent to granting favours, irregularities in campaign, financing and electoral fund.

3 DRUG ABUSE

Drug abuse is a serious public health problem that effects almost every community and family in some ways. Each year drug abuse cause millions of serious illnesses or injuries among Nigerian and American. Abuse of drug includes play a role in many major social problems such as drugged diving, violence stress and child abuse. Drug abuse can lead to homelessness, crime and missed work or problem with keeping a job. It is harmful ot babies and it destroys families.

4 DRUG TRAFFICKING

Drug trafficking is a global illicit trade involving the cultivation, manufacturing, distributing and sale of substances which are subject to drug prohibition law. UNODC is continuously monitoring and researching global illicit drug market in order to gain a moe comprehensive understanding of their dynamic, drug trafficking is the key part of their research.

5 KIDNAPPING

Kidnapping the taking away of a person against the person the person’s will usually for ransom or in furtherance of another crime, is becoming everyone’s nightmare in our dear country.

6 KIDNAPPING IN NIGERIA IS OUT OF HAND

Driving home through the darkness is September to 2013 toward Nigeria main oil city, portharcourt Archbishop Ignatius Kattey and his wife has no idea that an armed gang was about to nab them. Yet was not an extraordinary event. The kidnap of Nigeria’s second-ranking Anglican deric, whose wife has since been treed, was just another instance. Albelt at a higher level than usual of a crime that residents of the swampy Niger Delta have become grimly accustomed to.

Kidnapping in the oil region is invariably for ransom foreign oilmen used to be the usual targets, but rich Nigeria businessman, prominent academics and even footballers have become increasingly vulnerable. The kidnap menace has also got a lot works this year in Lagos, Nigeria largest city and its economic hub.

7 POLICE CORRUPTION

Police corruption are regarded as the activities characteriszed by artificial and often dishonest prectrices. Police ae the members of an official organization whose job is ot keep public order prevent and solve crime. But because corruption is what take they a way to get money easy so they enforce law and also take bribe on their benefit.

8 POLITICAL CRISIS

Political crisis is referred to as the illegal or offences in which individuals or collectivities of people purposive meanner in order to gain financial returns or power e.g war, embezzlement of public fund, atomic bomb.

It is a time of great difficulty or danger or when and illness. Somebody’s life, history, it include financial, economic, political, domestic crisis.

9 POLITICAL CORRUPTION OR CRIME

It is the act or he commission of an act that is forbidden or the omission of a duty that is commanded by a public law of a sovereign state to the injury of the public welfare and that makes the offender more liable to punishment by that law in a proceeding brought against him by the state by indictment, information, compliant or by similar criminal procedure.

HISTORY OF CORRUPTION IN NIGERIA

Corruption is a social problem that has cothered many scholars. Ruzindana (1999) assert that corruption in Africa is a problem of routine deviation from established standard and norms by public officials and parties with whom hey interact. He also identified the types of corruption in Africa which are bribery, private gain etc.

According to the ICPC Act (section 2) corruption includes vices like bribery, fraud and other relate offencs. A panoramic analysis of the vice of corruption shows that it is the physical symptom of involves not one party but more than one party. It takes a form of an organized crime. At times, an organization can be established on corruption beget corruption. Gbenga (2000) then assert that corruption is contagious. According to prepreception index in 2010 transparency international, Nigeria was ranked 14^th out of the 146 countries served beating Bangladesh and Haiti to the cast position. An analysis of the anti-graft anti-corruption praction will continue in spite of the anti-graft corruption laws because man in positions are confident that no action can be taken against them because corruption is something that supposedly take place in private. Nowadays, we have seen how the laws are between applied, particularly the EFCC.

INDEPENDENT CORRUPTION PRACTICES AND OTHER OFFENCES COMMISSION

1 PERCEPTION OF CORRUPTION

The transparency international in their corruption perception index in early 2000, pronounced Nigeria as one of the most corrupt nation in the world. This was in spite of the fact that democratic institution has been introduced and the anti-corruption commission set up. Even as today, Nigeria occupies the cast but on position down the ladder among nation adjudged to be corrupt by transparency international corruption perception index.