Background: Chemotherapy is considered the primary treatment for chemotherapy which norneffective alternative treatment is available or when the alternative treatment is less then optimalrnchemotherapy is a systemic treatment that enables the therapy to combat primary disease sites,rnarea of known metastasis, and possibly microscopic spread of the disease.rnObjective: The general objective of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitude ofrnpatients for anticancer chemotherapy and associated factors in the oncology clinic of TikurrnAnbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2017.rnMethods: A cross sectional survey on sample population of 380 cancer patient receivingrnchemotherapy. A systematic random sampling technique was used. The strength of anrnassociation between dependent and independent variables and its significance was computedrnusing odds radio with 95% confidence interval. Multiple logistic regression analysis techniquernwas employed to evaluate independent effect exposure variables on the outcome variable.rnResults was presented in tables, graphs, and textsrnResult: Patient with knowledge and positive attitude were 33.3% and 51.1% respectively.rnPatient with no previously history chemotherapy were 21.5% times less likely to have knowledgernof chemotherapy [AOR=0.215(0.058, 0.830))] than those who have take chemotherapy previously.rnPatient who has more income were 25.49% more likely to have knowledge [2.549(1.044, 6227)].rnPatient who were male were to have42.1% time less likely to have a positive attitude [AOR=rn0.421(0.225, 0.786)] than the females. Patient with no family history of chemotherapy werern34.47% less likely to have a positive attitude [AOR= 3.447(1.278, 9.296)] than with family historyrncancer.rnConclusion and recommendation: The study found that almost half of the participants werernwith positive attitude and more than half of the participants were unknowledgeable. The carernprovides should give eduction repetedly though out the each cycle and should give informationrnto the level of the clintes and their family members.rnKey word: -Knowledge, Attitude and Chemotherapy