A Just Society Identity Humanity And Justice

The question of justice is the fundamental question in human life. It is one of the pioneer issues in thernsubject of philosophy. The questions for equality, liberty, right and balance in the relationship of men, therninteraction between people and the government are manifestations of the quest for justice. Starting fromrnthe ancient Greek philosophy (Socrates), the question of justice continues to our times creating new formsrnand dimensions. The very reason for the formation of state is the need for justice and its role is tornmaintain justice, its function is devoted the prevalence of justice.rnHowever, the problem of justice remained unsolved and different forms of injustice affect the lives ofrnindividuals and groups. Hence, different philosophers and thinkers continue developing new theories ofrnjustice. Among others, the most influential political and moral philosopher, John Rawls, argues that thernprimary subject of justice should be social institutions, guided by certain principles of justice resulted inrnagreement of rational, mutually disinterested parties in the “original position” behind “the veil ofrnignorance”. Yet, his theory is criticized by Amartya Sen and Robert Nozick, for it gives extreme emphasisrnon institutions and to the state than individual freedom and actual behavior of men.rnThis thesis will argue, in line with Sen and Nozick that the primary subjects of justice should be individualrnhumans. The role of the state must be minimal as Nozick suggests and institutions should be promoters ofrnjustice (Sen) than being themselves sources of justice (Rawls). Justice must be giving freedom andrnallowing opportunities to individuals to attain their goals of life. It must address the question of autonomy,rngiving recognition to the existence of human beings as complete beings having all the qualities ofrnhumanity. Therefore, justice should be conformity with humanity, it can be conceived in the ultimaternunity of human beings in the kingdom of humanity and an action is just if it is humane towards humans and non human beings as well

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