A study on mammals was carried out from November 2003 to May 2004 in AbayaHamassarnNatural Vegetation Area. A total of 33 (thirty three) species of mammals werernobserved. Of these, 25 were medium to large- sized mammals, 5 small rodents, 2 batrnspecies and 1 shrew. Photographs of some large mammals and measurements andrnphotographs of rodents were taken. For large mammals both direct and indirectrnobservation methods were employed and all evidences were recorded including directrnobservation, footprints, feces, bones and horns. To capture small rodents two types ofrntraps were set in different habitat types. The captured animals were weighed.rnThe study established that the main threats to the mammals of the area are habitatrndestruction and overgrazing. With increasing human pressure in the study area, humanrnWildlife interactions are becoming more common and dangerous to the wildlife.rnKey words: Mammals, vegetation, Hamassa and Abaya