Study On Ovicidal Larval Settlement Feeding And Oviposition Deterrence Effects Of Seed Kernel Powder Extracts Of Birbira (milletia Ferruginea) On Diamondback Moth (plutella. Xylostella L.) (lepidoptera Plutellidae)
Plant Biology And Biodiversity Management Project Topics
Solvent extractions having different polarities with different doses prepared from birbirarntree seeds, Milletia ferruginea (Hochst) Baker. This study was carried out to assay the ovicidal, larvalrnsettlement, feeding and oviposition deterrence effects on Diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella L.).rnLeaf dipping method was used to run both assays by using the extracts from birbira seed kernelrnpowder in water (w/v): 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, and 1.4 mg/ml. In the assays significantly higherrnlarval mortality was recorded on leaves treated with polar than the non polar and Chloroform extracts.rnDays to the 1st larval mortality was observed within a day after the exposure of the 3rd instar larvae onrntreated leaves with different solvent extracts of birbira except the Water. Days to the last mortalityrnwere observed on the 14th days on all extracts. Days to the highest larval mortality were significantlyrnhigher for Water, Acetic acid and Acetone, extracts at 0.8, 0.6 and 0.4 mg/ml; respectively for thernother extracts it was significantly higher at the higher rates of application. In the control most larvaernpupated on 8th day. Acetone prevented pupation at the higher rates, Water, Acetic acid, Chloroformrnand Hexane allowed fewer larvae to pupate, and in contrast more number of larvae was pupated inrnToluene extract at all the rates. Significantly small numbers of adults were emerged at the higher ratesrnof Water, Acetic acid and Acetone than the others. Adults took longer time to emerge from pupae onrnChloroform, Toluene and Hexane extracts at the higher rates. Eggs unhatchability was higher at 0.4rnmg/ml and increased at the rate of 1.4 mg/ml for polar extracts. However, significant eggsrnunhatchability was recorded only at the higher rates for the non polar extracts. Oviposition deterrencernwas significantly lower at the lower rates of Water, Acetic acid and Acetone full deterrence wasrnrecorded at the higher rates, in contrast Toluene and Hexane showed least deterrence effect even at thernhigher rates of application. The number of eggs oviposited in the inner surface of the Petri dishesrnwere higher at all the rates except for Water, Acetone and Chloroform extracts. Numbers of eggsrndeposited in the inner walls of the cages were higher at 0.6 and 1.4 mg/ml for Water and at 0.4 and 1.4rnmg/ml for Hexane. Small numbers of larvae were settled on non polar solvent extracts. Mortalityrncaused by extracts with Water, and Acetone was very high, and have much smaller LC50 values. Inrncontrast the LC50 was higher for the other extracts and caused significant larvae kill only at the higherrnrates. Thus, results of this study indicate that M. ferrugginea has a good possibility for controlling P.rnxylostella (L.).