Urban and peri-urban agriculture (UPA) is a dynamic concept that comprises arnvariety of livelihood systems ranging ji-om subsistence production and processingrnat the household level to more commercialized agriculture.rnThe overall objective of the study was to analyze the contribution of UPA to urbanrnhousehold food security in Bishojiu town of the Oromia Regional State. The scope ofrnthis research is limited to investigating and explaining the contribution of cereal croprnproduction (wch as tejf, wheat and pulses), Horticullural crops (like onion tomato,rnpotato and others) poultry and livestock raising aclivilies (do minanliy dairy cowrnkeeping) in Bishojiu town.rnBoth first hand and secondmy data have been used to generale Ihe requiredrninji.mnalion jor the sludy, some of Ihe secondmy dala sources were books, journals,rnsurvey and personal observation. Simple descriplive slatistical tools such asrnpercentage, mean, and the like are used in describing the final result.rnMost of the farmers engaged in UPA activities provide their producls to the nearbyrnmarket so as to generate income, specially young jarmers who keeps dairy cows,rnpoultry and vegelable producers practice UP A with the primal)l nolion of incomerngeneration; on Ihe contrary, those HH heads with many family members engaged inrncereal crops production with the primary aim to cover their family consumption needs.rnWhile some of the farmers permanently engaged in UPA, the majorily of them involvedrnin other type of jobs and undertakes UPA as a part time work so as to diversify theirrnincome.rnAlthough UPA make a good contribution in enhancing food security, employmenlrnopporlunity and income at household level, the allention given by the local governmenlrnbodies in Bishojiu town is minimal. In order to enhance its bene/it, there is a need tornwork in a more coordinated way by urban farmers, local organizations, municipalrnaUlhorities and an interdisciplinary researchers is required in idenlifying problems,rnpotentials and planning jor/oint action in the filture by ali of the stakeholders in Ihernseclor.