The 1IIain purpo e of the study was to investigate the socio-economic factors which have anrnimpact on th academic peljormance of public primary level students in Addis Ababa andrnhow the level of the problem and interventions made to help these students achieve thernrequired results in education. The central idea of this study was finding out the key socioeconomicrnfa tors affecting the low peljorming students in the public schools in order tornimprove their results. For this to happen the study recommends the actors in the study tornfocus !provide more support/effort as was done for the other regions even though therneconomic situation of Addis Ababa is relatively better than the other rural areas. Based onrnthe exi ting literatures and the objective of the study research questions were formulated.rnParents and academic staff were sources of data for the study. Only qualitative method wasrnused to collect data for the study. Interview and Focus Group Discussions were thernin trument u ed to collect data. The instruments used for the study helped to investigate allrnthe possible factors affected the academic peljormance in public primary schools. The majorrnfinding of the study are economic and family related factors and lack of continuous andrnoordinated adequate interventions in the city. A number of other crosscutting issues whichrnwere interrelated with education were identified. The study indicated that more interventionrni needed by the actors in education sector to improve the public school achievements inrnAddis Ababa. The public schools in the city are the main places where high school dropoutrnrate is found. Therefore, this clearly indicates that to decrease the dropout rate the local andrnnon-local actors should put their efforts together and start working in the public schools inrnthe city. Different socioeconomic factors were identified by the study. Thus these arernimportant intervention areas for the actors interested in community areas to engagernthemselves and bring the intended result and help students in the public schools to continuerntheir education and also achieve the desired results. In general the results of this specificrnstudy can be important input for those who want to work on identifying factors affectingrnacademic achievement,- school dropouts, under nutrition, and child psychological impact onrneducation, the -outcome of family follow up on education and many others.