The main purpose of this study was 10 ex amine Ihe current slat us of educational provisionrnfor school age pastoral Somali children and Ih eir participalion in primary education in nomadicrnareas of Somali region, identifying major problems, i.e. school related and out of school factorsrn(socio -economic, socio-cultural and development co nstr aint.l) and indicate possible alternativ ernintervention strategies that need to be des igned by policy makers and educational planners alrnnational and reg ional level to alleviate the educational deprivation of pastoral nomad Somalirnchildren.rnIn effecting for this purpose des criptive survey method was employed to gather th ernnecessary data for the study. Apart Fom co nsultation of documents and relevant sources, datarnwere gatheredfrom 455 students, 95 teachers and principals, 12 education experts and 23 elders.rnIn selecting these respondents, diversifi ed sampling te chniques were employed. Th e datarnob ta ined through questionnaire and structured intervie ws were analyzed using percentage andrnweighted mean.rnThe data Fom documentary analysis indicated thai the status of educational provisionrnand pastoral Somali children participation on Ihe primwy schools of the region are poor and lowrnrespectively. The result of the study showed that school intrinsic factors such as distance fromrnhome to school, lack of facilities, services and qualifi ed teachers, inflexible school calendar,rnweak school-community relationship, irr elevance of curriculum and inappropriate medium ofrninstruction were found to be the major barriers for increasing access to primary education.rnBesides, socia-cultural constraints such as early marriage belittling of the value ofrneducation (especially that of girls), gender role socialization and stereotyping, fear of loosing ofrntime for the training of paternalism and weak family and community involvement have beenrnidentified as major problems for increasing access to primmy education. On the other hand, fearrnof sexual harassment, abduction and teen age pregnancy found to . have minimal effect onrneducational participation of postural children. Mo re over, socia- economic constraints such asrnmobility, high demand of ch ild labor, poverty, parents illil eracy and shortage of upper primaryrnsc hools have beenfound to be major prob lems.rnIn addition to these, absence of del' elopment prog/'(//I1S des ignedfor the pastoral nomadsrnlike range land d e velopment programs, ext ens ion and package programs were also identified asrnth e major constraint s. Moreover , lack of marketing s el'l'ic n and shorta ge of basic se rvicesas educalian and health were /iJUnd to be Ihe main obslacles. Furthermore, lack of settlementrnprograms, inler and inlra tribal con(licls, spare seltlemenl of Ihe people and shorlage of roadrnwere also idenlified as Ihe major problems to Ihe educalional involvemenl of pastoral SomalirnchildrenrnAs a resull, il is concluded Ihal, in most cases school inlrinsic, socio-economic, sociorncultural and developmenl conslraints are the hindering factors to bring aboul improved access 10rnprimary edt/cal ion inlhe pastoral areas of Somali region Based on Ihe resulls oflhe findings,rnformulation of policy and strategy for pastoral Somali educalion, flexible educational calendar,rnsensilizalion of Ihe society on Ihe value of education, boarding school, mobile tem schools)rnreforming of the curriculum and medium of instruction, extending and suslaining school feedingrnprograms, non formal educalion and participatory cOIif/iCI management approaches werernrecommended so that an increase in Ihe demand for primary educalion will be improved andrnaccessibilily is realized