The historic city, Jugol, is a city state with unique character where the built structures and fence wall and the uprightly urban settlement have survived from generation to generation.rnThe main purpose of this study was to investigate conservation of architectural heritage and historic cities in Ethiopia, case study the walled city of Harar, Jugol. A qualitative method/ approach was employed to collect and analyze the data of the study. Data was collected using structured and semi structured interviews, using open and close ended questionnaire survey and field note, group discussion and document analysis.rnThe findings of the research indicate that numerous significant heritage buildings were rehabilitated and restored employing various degrees of intervention approaches over the past few decades until the present. The intervention approach conducted in the historic city was mainly rehabilitating significant historic structures with adapting their function in to other suitable functions.rnIt has also identified that several key governmental and foreign embassies with their diplomatic mission were financially and technically assisted restoration works particularly on the architectural heritages.rnThe historic city and its surrounding is facing multi-faceted problems. To mention that a few, lack of restoration and improper intervention approach, Rapid population growth, unrecognized development of infrastructure takes the lion share. The architectural heritages, walls, gates, streets and open spaces are deteriorating from time to time.rnFinally, recommendations for rehabilitation of architectural and urban heritages, and appropriate intervention approaches are forwarded based on the findings.rnKey Words: Conservation, Architectural Heritage, Historic Cities, Harar, Jugol