Quantification Of The Level Of Aflatoxin Contamination In Dairyand Beef Cattle Compound Feeds And Feeds Ingredients In Bishoftu And Adama District Ethiopia

Aflatoxin is one of the groups of mycotoxins produced in animal feed by toxigenic fungirnsuch as Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus parasiticus and the rare Aspergillus nomius.Theserntoxic fungal metabolites are found in feeds and foods. The aim of this study was to assessrnthe knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of farmers and to quantify the level ofrnaflatoxin AFG2, AFG1, AFB2 and AFB1 in Dairy and Beef cattle feeds and feedrningredients in Bishoftu and Adama districts. For this purpose a total of 60 livestockrnfarmers and 60 livestock feeds of which 24 compound feed, 36 feed ingredients samplesrnwere purposively collected from Bishoftu and Adama districts. Aflatoxin analysis wasrnperformed by using high performance liquid chromatography with Immunoaffinityrncolumn clean up. The KAPs assessment revealed that awareness on factors that influencernaflatoxin production, aflatoxin source and formation is very low among the dairy andrnbeef cattle farmers. The contamination of aflatoxin AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2 werernfound to be 20(83.3%), 17(60.8%), 62.5 and 17(60.8%), respectively in livestockrncompound feed whereas, the contamination of aflatoxin AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2rnin feed ingredients were found to be 20(55.6%), 23(63.9%), 21(58.3%) and 23(63.9%)rnrespectively. The result of individual feed samples raveled that, all noug cake samplesrnwere contaminated with aflatoxin AFG2 with the range 1.09 to 114.49 μg/kg, AFG1:rn6.34 to 735.98 μg/kg, AFB2: 2.69 to 151.71 μg/kg and AFB1: 16.85 to 980.28 μg/kg andrntotal aflatoxin with range of 26.96 - 1953.14 μg/kg. The mean level of aflatoxin AFG2,rnAFG1, AFB2, AFB1 and total aflatoxin in noug cake were exceeded the maximum limitrnset by Food and Agriculture Organization, World Health Organization 20μg/kg andrnEuropean Union 5μg/kg for dairy cattle feed. From this it can be concluded that nougrncake feed was highly contaminated with all aflatoxins whereas wheat bran and wheatrnmiddling were less contaminated. These results suggest that extension education and riskrnmitigation should focus on mainly on noug cake and other feed ingredients to effectivelyrnreduce aflatoxin contamination in per-urban dairy and beef cattle feeds.

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