Prevalence And Associated Factors Of Post-operative Nausea And Vomiting In Elective Surgical Patients Operated Under Anesthesia At Tikur Anbesa Specialized Teaching Hospital

Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of the common complications afterrnsurgery and anesthesia. The prevalence of postoperative nausea and vomiting may reach 25–30% inrnASA 1 and 2 but may reach up to 80% in ASA 3 patients. It affects both adults as well as pediatric agerngroups. In pediatrics it may reach up to 13-42%which is more common above two years of age andrnbefore puberty.Though anesthesia providers use prophylactic anti emetics the incidence is still high.rnDifferent risk factors are incriminated for the high prevalence of PONV. It is also major contributingrnfactor for patient discomfort, post-operative morbidity and mortality as well as economic crisis.rnrnObjectives: the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and identify associated factors ofrnpost-operative nausea and vomiting in patients undergone elective surgery under anesthesia in TikurrnAnbesa Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.rnrnMethods: a hospital based cross sectional study was conducted on 154 patients operated in TikurrnAnbesa Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital on elective basis under both general and regionalrnanesthesia during the study period from august-October 2020 GC. Data was entered using SPSSrnversion 16 cleaned and analyzed. Association between categorical variable was determined usingrncorrelation and logistic regression. Odds ratio were calculated on variables to determine thernassociation through binary and multivariable logistic regression done. P value 0.05 or below wasrnconsidered as statistically significant.rnrnResults: The prevalence of post-operative nausea and vomiting in this particular study was 44.2%rnwithin 24 hrs. post operatively. After multivariable logistic regression, factors that were associatedrnwith postoperative nausea and vomiting were history of motion sickness (AOR=0.42, CI [0.19-0.45]),rnfemale sex (AOR=2.96, CI [1.34-6.58]), general anesthesia (AOR=0.18, CI [0.074-0.42]), cornmorbidities (AOR=0.25, CI [0.1-0.6]) and intraoperative hypotension (AOR=0.35, CI [0.14-0.88]).rnrnConclusion and Recommendations: The prevalence of post-operative nausea and vomiting was highrnin Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital compared to other African countries and the rest of the world.rnTherefore it is strongly recommended to develop and use hospital based protocol to treat patients atrnincreased risk of developing post-operative nausea and vomiting.

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