Background: Hand hygiene is an important measure that can be taken by the anesthesiarnproviders to prevent and control infection in the operating room. The identification of severalrnrisk factors associated with poor hand hygiene compliance is also of extreme importance.rnrnObjective: The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, practice of hand hygienernand the associated factors with the non-compliance of hand hygiene among anesthesia providersrnworking at TASH operating rooms.rn rnMethod: Institutional based cross-sectional study design was used. The study was conducted atrnTikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital which is found in Addis Ababa Arada sub city. The studyrnpopulation were all Anesthesia providers working in TASH operating rooms and data wasrncollected using self-administered questionnaire from all Anesthesia providers and the data wasrnentered and analysed using SPSS version 26.rnResults: A Total of 101 study participants filled the questionnaires with a response rate of 100%.rnThe overall assessment of knowledge showed that the majority (60.4%) of the respondents hadrngood knowledge where as 39.6% of the respondents had poor knowledge regarding handrnhygiene. Regarding the practice of HH, it was found out that 35.6% of the respondents had goodrnpractice while 64.4% of the respondents had poor practice of hand hygiene. Among thernidentified factors for non-compliance to HH, it was found out that 78.2% of the respondentsrnmentioned that being too busy was the most important factor for being non-compliant to HH.rnrnConclusions: The overall hand hygiene compliance among the anesthesia providers working inrnTASH were found to be poor even though their overall knowledge level was found to be abovernaverage.