Micropropagation Of Ximenia Americana L. From Shoot Tip Explants

Ximenia americana is a critically threatened multipurpose plant. It is among the most important medicinal plants, valued primarily for its fruit, roots, leaves and bark parts. This study aimed to develop micropropagation protocol for Ximenia americana using shoot tip explants. The study started with seed sterilization test using different clorox concentration and exposure time. Shoot tips from in vitro germinated seedlings were cultured on shoot initiation MS medium supplemented with 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/l BAP alone or KN alone. Explants were cultured on shoot proliferation media fortified with kinetin or BAP, each at 0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.25, 1.75 and 2.0 mg/l in combination with 0.0, 0.1, 0.20 and 0.40 mg/l NAA on full salt strength MS medium. For rooting, half strength MS media supplemented with IBA and NAA alone each at 0.0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2 mg/l were used. Growth regulator free MS medium was used as control. Study results showed that 73.32% germination was recorded on 35% clorox concentration within 20 minutes. Highest mean shoot number per explants on initiation medium (2.06±0.15) and multiplication medium (4.16±0.17) were recorded on MS medium supplemented with 0.5mg/l BAP. Best rooting was obtained on half strength MS media supplemented with 0.5mg/l IBA with 3.36±0.69 roots per shoot and 2.21±0.40 cm root length on 2.0 mg/l IBA and established in greenhouse with 100% survival. The results show that, the study is important for mass propagation, rehabilitation in their natural habitat and conservation of this threatened multipurpose plant. rnrnKey words: Micropropagation ; Plant Growth Regulator ;shoot tip;Ximenia americana

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