Anthranoids Of Some Kniphofia Species From Ethiopia

There are of least six reported srnin Ethiopiil of a total of 65 species of Kniphofia inrnthe world all of Vlhich are restricted to tropicalrnJifrica andYemen. Rniphofia foliosa (family Liliaceee)rnknown in Jmharic as ilshenda or Shemetmete is used inrnEthiopian traditional medicine for the treatment ofrnabdominal cramps. Hecent eXilmination· of tl1e :vhizomesrnof this species l)T our research group resulted in thernisolation und chnructerization of chrysophanol and thernllew anthranoid·k nipholone.rnChloroform soluble fractions of the leaves ofrnK. foliosa afforded a new anthracene derivative, aloeerJodinrnmonoaceta-t;e, in midi tion to k.lipholone andrnchrysophanol. The structure of this net'7 compound wasrndetermined by spectral analysis of the natural productrnand its derivatives. The leaves, flowers and rhizomesrnof!li' folios a all contain knipholone as the majorrnanthranoid with trelCe amounts of chrysophanol. Aloe-eModin -acetate is localized only in the leavesrnwhile the pigments desic;nated as Kf und Krnfrnare foundrn7 8rnonly in the rhizomes.rnl!'rom the acetone extract of the rhizomes ofrnK. isoetifoli8 Of two pic;pwntH Kf and Kf were iso-rn7 8rnlated. The sodium dithionite reductive cleavage ofrnKf as well as a mixture of Kf and Kf c;ave chryso-rn8 7 8rnphanol and islBndicin as fruc;ments, a contributionrntOl'lnrds tile final structural elucidation of these asrnyet unknown pigments.rnOn further investigntion islnndicin Vias isolatedrnfor the first time from the rhizomes of ~. foliosa,rnK. isoetifolia Of and from the lenves of K. folios arnand this finding probably constitutes the firstrndetection of islandicin in higher plants as it wasrnearlier reported only in func;i particularly in Penici-rnIlium islandicum.

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