The objective of this study was to make an investigation concemingrnthe current status of females' enrollment and identifying major factors hinderingrngirls ' education in Dodota Sire woreda second cycle primary schools of rural areas.rnTh e data from documents were secured from different annual abstracts (MOE,rnOEB) and woreda education office as well as from the questionnaires that werernadministered to 492 female students and 62 teachers and school principals inrnorder to achieve the stated objective. A s to the females' enrollment, it shows anrnimprovement from time to time, but still the increment is small when compared tornmales. The p articipants of this study were selected by purposive samplingrntechniques. The collected data were presented in a table form and analyzed inrnpercentages. Th e fin din gs identified the thre e broad categories: family related,rnschool related and socia-cultural related factors as the major fa ctors th at affect --- enrollment and participation of female s' educations. More specifically all thernrespondents highly rated in common that, household responsibilities, lo wrnawa reness of parents towards females education, parents financial problem,rnparents education level, lack of school facilities, school distance, sexualrnharassment, early marriage, fear of abduction, lack of role model females and sornon as the main reason s for low enrollment and participation of female students inrnschool. On th e other hand, developing parents' awareness towards the benefit ofrneducating girls, providing fin ancial supports for the poor female students, improvingrnschool facilitie s and protecting girls from abduction and early marriage we re so mernsugge stions that were commonly forwarded by the participants in order to promoterngirls' school enrollment. The paper also discusses the main points of the researchrnwith certain conclusions and provides recommendations .