Mapping Of Crustal Thickness Variation In Southern Afar Using Gravity Survey

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The Afar Depression in north eastern Ethiopia is a scientific treasure trove. It is a site of a triplernjunction, where three plates (the Nubian plate, the Arabian plate, and the Somalian plate) arernsimultaneously pulling away from each other. The powerful stresses in the crust lead to frequentrnearth quakes and volcanism thereby producing deep cracks and fissures in the region. Theserntectonic activities and the sedimentation that occurs in the area change the topography, whichrnaffects the crustal thickness.rnAnalysis of the gravity data, obtained from the Ethiopian institute of geological survey (EIGS),rnconstrained with seismic refraction results in the study area and the Euler deconvolution resultsrnproduced here, was done to study the crustal thickness variation in the southern Afar Depressionrnincluding the region between 8.80 to 110N and 39.80 to 42.70E . The Bouguer gravity, whichrnshows the depression clearly separated from the rest of the study region by relatively higherrnvalues, is dominated by a strong regional gravity while the residual anomaly indicates elongatedrnhigher (positive) gravity values that follows a trend, which over laps with crustal extensionrn(thinning) revealed by seismic refraction survey conducted in the area. Upward continuationrnresults also support the idea that deeper effects influence the Bouguer gravity. Higher totalrnhorizontal gradient shows faulted structures. Particularly, this high gradient bounds therndepression in the west and south east, which overlaps with the escarpment faults separating therndepression from the western and south eastern plateaus. Gravity modeling using seismicrnrefraction model and Euler deconvolution result, produced here, as constraints indicate arnminimum crustal thickness of about 22.7 and 23.5 under profiles BB` and CC` respectively. Thernmodeling also shows deep seated faults particularly under profile CC.

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Mapping Of Crustal Thickness Variation In Southern Afar Using Gravity Survey

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