The Shungura Formation is a Plio-Pleistocene paleontological site found in southernrnEthiopia, in the Lower Omo Basin, and well known for its abundant mammalian fossil record asrnwell as continuity of the stratigraphic sequence. It is one of the best sites which is radiometricallyrnwell dated. It yielded abundant mammalian fossils among these Proboscidea were commonrnelements; there were seven proboscidean species (Anancus kenyensis, Stegodon kaisensis,rnElephas ekorensis, Deinotherium bozasi, Elephas recki, Loxodonta exoptata, and Loxodontarnadaurora) that went extinct during Pleistocene.rnThe comparative description on old Omo collection maxillary associated right and leftrnmolars, mandibular associated left molar and the recently discovered fragmentary mandibularrnassociated molars recovered from the Shungura was compared with complete and nearlyrncomplete molar specimens their taxa. Dental metric measurements were conducted from thernoriginal materials of Shungura and metric data were compared as illustrated in table 4.13.rnMorphological observations were made both from the original and published materials fromrncontemporaneous sites in eastern Africa such as Koobi Fora, Shungura, Allia Bay and MiddlernAwash. The Morphological description and metric comparison of the dental materials from thernShungura confirm that the relationships among the three taxa in eastern African sites changed atrnthe same rate through their evolution.rnResults from the biometric analysis indicate that, different subspecies of Elephas reckirnshow statistically significant evolutionary changes in terms of the biometric traits. Generally, thernresults show that there is no clear progressive increase in crown height. Instead, some suddenrnchanges in morphological features and no progressive trends in the lineage of Elephas reckirnthroughout the Plio-Pleistocene of Shungura were observed.rnVrnThe results from the mesowear angle analysis of this study show that, there is nornsignificant difference in the mean mesowear angle values (ranging from 120 o to 130o) of thernentire lineage of Elephas recki through Plio-Pleistocene in the Shungura. These mean mesowearrnangle values in general indicated that, Elephas recki adapted consistently to C4 dominated dietrnduring their evolution.