Practices And Calengesofschool Based Tutorial Program Forfemale Students In General Secondary Schools Of North Western Zone Of Tigray National Regional State

The main objective of this study was to assess the practices and challenges of schoolrnbased tutorial program for female students’ in general secondary schools of NorthrnWestern zone of Tigray National Regional State. To this effect, basic questions werernraised regarding the implementation of school based tutorial program for femalernstudents, the necessary supports and facilities made available to implement school basedrntutorial program and the major factors influencing female students’ school based tutorialrnprogram implementation. This study employed descriptive survey design and made use ofrnquantitative and qualitative approaches. To get valid and reliable information this studyrnobtained data from both primary and secondary sources. The primary sources werernfemale students, teachers, school principals, vice principals and supervisors of Woredarneducation office using questionnaires, semi structured interview and observationrnchecklist. The secondary sources were school documents and guidelines. In this study,rnboth probability and non-probability sampling techniques were employed. From 8rnWoredas of the zone, one urban and four rural Woredas were selected using stratifiedrnsampling technique. A total of 175 female students and 69 teachers were taken usingrnsimple random sampling. A total of 5 school principals, 5 vice principals and 5 Woredarnsupervisors were used as a source of data using purposive sampling method, and 50rnparents of female students were taken using snow ball technique. The data gathered werernanalyzed by percentage and mean. The results of the data analysis revealed that thernschool management did not make the necessary follow up of the tutorial program. Therncooperation of the stakeholders and school level actors for female students’ school basedrntutorial program was not sufficient. Incentives for teachers /high scored female studentsrnwere low. Lack of interest of female students, home school distance, and inconsistency ofrnthe tutorial program and shortage of classrooms were the major school related factorsrnnegatively influencing the implementation of female students’ tutorial programs. Earlyrnmarriage, using girls as care givers and assistants for mothers and as source of laborrnwere major socio cultural factors impacting the implementation of the tutorial programs.rnLow economic level of parents had also negative impact on female students’ tutorialrnprogram. Therefore, to alleviate these problems, stakeholders and school level actorsrnshould be interconnected and play a significant role in coordinating, supporting,rnmonitoring and evaluating the implementation of tutorial programs. Schools and Woredarneducation offices should allocate annual budget from the school budget. It is alsornadvisable for other government offices and NGOs to encourage the implementation of therntutorial program in opening schools closer to the local community and buildingrnadditional classes in the existing schools to minimize the challenges of female student’srntutorial program.

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