The purpose of the study was to Analysis The Practices And Challeges of School Improvementrnprogram:in Case of Government Secondary Schools of Oromia Special Zone SurroundingrnFinfine. The study employed descriptive survey design and a mixed method approach to collect andrnanalyze data. Samples of schools and study participants were drawn from three Woredaâ€™s fromrnwhich four Secondary Schools were selected of nine total Scools in the Woreda using random andrnstratified sampling techniques. Self-developed questionnaire was employed as the main datarncollection instrument in addition to interview and document analysis. Quantitative data werernanalyzed using descriptive statistics including mean, Standerd deviation and percentage, andrnQualitative data were analyzed by using narration. The outcomes of the study suggested thatrninsufficient preparation of School leader for planning of SIP,lack of evaluation and prioritizingrnneeds, and material resources are practices identified. Furthermore, insufficient continuousrnprofessional training for School Leaders, Lack of Community involvement, lack of moral andrncommitment of Scool Principals, political instability, and Teachers and Principals turnoverrnwere the challenges faced by School Leaders. Thus, such situation made it difficult for SchoolrnLeaders to lead School for improvement. Based on this, it was recommended that the Zonal Bureaurnof Education take appropriate measures including supply of adequate material and financial supportrnto schools and providing needed training and administrative support for Scool Leaders and takingrnnaccesary measurs to minimize Teachers and Principals turnover, so that they would better be ablernto lead School for improvement.