Introduction: Neonatal resuscitation is an intervention performed to a new born baby who hasrndifficulty in air way breathing and circulation. As the first few moments of a newborn's life is thernmost critical time, it needs effective emergency care to prevent lifelong consequences. Thernquality of resuscitation and stabilization of a neonate immediately after birth has a significantrneffect on neonatal morbidity and mortality.rnGlobally, 1.4 million newborn deaths occur in South-East Asia Region each year. In Ethiopia,rnthe neonatal mortality rate is 37/1000 live births and prenatal asphyxia is an importantrncontributor to death (8, 10).rnObjective: The objective of this research is to assess the knowledge and practices of nurses andrnmidwives working in neonatal intensive care unit and delivery room towards neonatalrnresuscitation and associated factors at selected referral hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.rnMethod: Descriptive quantitative institution-based cross-sectional study data collection wasrnconducted in selected referral hospitals: Tikur Anbessa, Gandhi, Zewuditu and St. Paul, in AddisrnAbaba, Ethiopia, from April to May 2017. Data was verified, coded and entered to EpiDatarnversion 3.1 Software. Verified and coded data was then exported and analyzed using SPSSrnversion 20 statistical Software.rnResult: Response rate of the study was 95.5%. Majority of the respondents, (52%), werernmidwives. Three-fourth of the respondents, (76.2%), were females. The overall knowledge ofrnmidwives and NICU nurses were 89.9% (mean = 15.22 and SD=2.65). The overall practice ofrnmidwives and NICU nurses were 66.9% (Mean= 14.5 SD = 2.46). Knowledge of neonatalrnresuscitation had association with working experience and practice.rnConclusion and Recommendation: The participants had good knowledge but poor practice.rnRepeated in-service training, fulfilling equipment and hiring of enough staff are required.rnKey wards: Neonatal Resuscitation, Knowledge, Practice, Midwives and Nurses