Background: Heart failure (HF) is a serious health care problem not only for patients and theirrnfamily but also for society, as it contributes significantly to the enormous costs associated withrnthe care of HF patients. Non-compliance with medication, diet and self-care behavior is very muchrncommon and contributes to worsening HF symptoms, in many cases leading to hospitalization,rnincrease mortality, morbidity, and the need for hospital care.rnObjective:rn- the main objective of this study is to assess overall level of compliance, the self-carernbehaviour and to determine its associated factors to treatment noncompliance among heart failurernpatients in adult emergency department and cardiac referral clinic at TASH.rnMethod and Materials: The study was a cross- sectional, descriptive, hospital based study thatrnexamines the level of compliance and self-care behavior among patient with heart failure inrnemergency department and cardiac referral clinic at Tikur Anbesa Specialized hospital betweenrnJanuary 2015 and March 2015. For collecting relevant information data was collected using a pre-rntested questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS computer software version 20.0.rnResult; from the total number of respondents n=384 compliance with medications (85.2%), saltrnrestriction diet(69.5%), fluid restriction (24.2%), exercise(57.6) and daily weight(1.0)rnConclusion; non- compliance with medication and self- care behavior was common in thesernpopulation and most patients were found to be having inadequate awareness and understandingrnabout self-care activities in the management of heart failure.rnRecommendation; Education has demonstrated significantly improved compliance on medicationrnand self- care behavior among patient with heart failure. And efforts are needed through research tornimprove compliance with medication and self- care behaviors of patients with heart failure at largernin EthiopiarnKey Words; patient compliance, self-care behavior, heart failure