Impact Of Brewery Effluent On River Water Quality The Case Of Meta Abo Brewery Factory And Finchewa River In Sebeta Ethiopia

The main objective of this study was to identify the pollution level of Fenchiwa riverrnwhich is the recipient of Meta Abo brewery wastewater. Meta Abo brewery wastewaterrntreatment system consists of anaerobic, facultative and maturation ponds. Samplingrnpoints of river water included two upstream locations at about 520m from the dischargernpoint, the effluent discharge point and five points downstream. The Fenchiwa River wasrnsampled at different locations of down stream.rnThe treated wastewater characteristics were 654±74.1 mg/l BOD5, 379.33± 21.91 mg/lrntotal suspended solids (TSS) , 21.67±2.64 mg/l sulfate (SO42-) , 1264.12± 26.95 mg/lrnTotal solid (TS) , 1105.83±111.89mg/l COD, 55.67±8.11mg/l Ammonia (NH3) , 93±rn25.09 mg/l phosphate (PO4-3) , 1713.67±114.9 Âμs/cm conductivity. The result showedrnthat the pollution profiles for the downstream of Fenchewa River were significant withrnCOD and BOD5 concentrations ranging from 232.0±28.87–853.58±52.94mg/l, andrn34.22±12.91–512.17±56.4 respectively. Ammonia and phosphate varied fromrn10.45±4.58–41.47±6.99 and 11.08±3.59–62.27±17.00 mg/l, respectively. PH, totalrnsolids, conductivity, total suspended solids also varied from 6.65±0.3–6.98±0.73,rn370.75±23.13–1055.92±46.2, 410.17±71.97–1115.60±120.83 and 146.82±8.70–rn278.68±17.43 mg/l, respectively. Whereas the concentration of dissolved oxygen,rnNitrate, sulphate and calcium were in the range of (5.58±0.32–7.39±0.32mg/l), ( 0.22-rn0.35±0.08 mg/l), ( 5.22±1.77 – 13.45±2.83 mg/l) , (13.47±4.54- 30.67±9.48 mg/l),rnrespectively. The physico-chemical impact on the water quality downstream wasrnindicated by reduced pH and dissolved oxygen. The levels of nitrate, ammonia, totalrnsolid, suspended solids, and phosphate was significantly high, arising from the inflowrnof brewery effluent. There were significant differences in most of the Physicochemicalrnparameters between reference and impacted sites.rnMost water samples taken from near Meta Abo Brewery Factory showed high level ofrnwater contaminants that do not fulfill the WHO drinking water standards and Ethiopianrneffluent guideline for discharge into surface water. Thus, brewery effluent is among thernmajor sources or factors responsible for Fenchewa river water quality deterioration

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