Efficient ways of managing domestic wastewater discharges is the foundation of sustainable andrnmodern urban city development. Sustainability of urban water system stands on appropriaterntreatment mechanisms and reuse of wastewater discharges. As a result, wastewater can bernconsidered not as a problem that requires to be disposed of but rather as a variety of localrnresources. The background of this study in general relays on human factors, a cause to polluternthe environment with various day to day activities. So the Objective of the study is to examine thernchallenges and opportunities of domestic wastewater management in Addis Ababa city based onrnstudy conducted in Akakii Kaliti subcity. The data was collected through survey questioners,rninterview and physical observation of the study area. Primary and secondary data was collectedrnfrom households and relevant stakeholders in Addis Ababa Water and Sanitation Authority andrnKaliti treatment plant. Various aspect of wastewater management was inspected on site. Simplernrandom sampling was applied to select the sample households, whereas, Purposive samplingrnwas used to select the sample Sub-city, and key informants for interview. By this samplingrntechnique 138 respondents were selected from the 181202 total populations. Descriptivernstatistics analysis used to analyze data and the collected data were analyzed using statisticalrnsoftware (SPSS version 24.0). The capacity of government, societal attitudinal change, andrntechnology and manpower are the major factors of efficient and effective wastewaterrnmanagements respectively. Most of the respondents do not accepted the treated wastewaterrnpurity and the treatment efficiency of Kaliti treatment plant below 50% for irrigation, carwashrnand toilet purpose. In the field study there is no private organization, which participates in therntreatment processes. However government is not attending the demand of wastewater treatment.rnThe Luck of adequate sewerage system in the city and deteriorations of sewer line and luck ofrnregular repair and maintenance are the main factors to reach the waste at central level. In thernstudy area wastewater become more complex and the quantity has also increased from time torntime. Lack of awareness and enforcement are some of the challenges facing wastewaterrntreatment plant in Addis Ababa city administration. Kaliti wastewater treatment plant isrncurrently used up flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors trickling filters technology, but itrnoperates under its design capacity. Therefore, domestic wastewater discharges from the cityrnhouseholds should be administered sustainably.