Groundwater Recharge Estimation Using Gis Based Wetspass Model. A Case Of Jewha Watershed Middle Awash River Basin Ethiopia

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Understanding the hydrological environment and groundwater availability leads to plan,rndesign, develop and manage the available water resources effectively. There are differentrnphysical and empirical models to understand the water balance components of a givenrnwatershed. One of the spatially distributed physical models is WetSpass model. ThernWetSpass-M model has been simulated the seasonal and annual water balance componentsrnof Jewha watershed successfully. Based on the model, the annual ground water recharge inrnJewha watershed is 0 and 404mm as a minimum and maximum value with a mean ofrn124mm, which is represent 15% of the total annual rainfall. This mean annual groundwaterrnrecharge is equivalent to 67,450,240m3rn/year. 87% (107.7mm) of the recharge is occurredrnin summer (Jun to September) and the rest 13% (16.5mm) of recharge percolate in winterrn(October to May).The model result also shows that the annual value of runoff in Jewharnwatershed is vary in range from 79.75mm to 831.5mm as a minimum and maximum valuernrespectively, with a mean of 299.5mm. The mean value accounts about 35% of the totalrnannual rainfall of the watershed. The annual evapotranspiration from the watershed isrnsimulated as a minimum and maximum value of 277.9mm and 2857mm with the meanrnvalue of 436mm respectively, and the standard deviation is 211.8. About 71% of the totalrnannual evapotranspiration is lost during rainy season and the remaining 29% is released inrndry season.rnThe sensitivity analysis of the different input variables was conducted and most of thernvariables are highly sensitive in Jewha watershed. The results of the analysis show thatrnrainfall, potential evapotranspiration and slope are the most important hydrologic processrnin the study area in terms of affecting the amount and rate of the different water balancerncomponents. The parametric coefficient of alfa coefficients, interception coefficients andrnLp coefficient also relatively sensitive. The calibration was made between the simulatedrnand observed water balance component value of the watershed. The calibration process hasrnbeen performed through coefficient of determination(R2rn) and the Nash- Shuttle efficiencyrn(NSE). The result shows that, the observed and simulated value is in good fit by R2rnof 0.91rnand NSE of 0.74.

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Groundwater Recharge Estimation Using Gis Based Wetspass Model. A Case Of Jewha Watershed Middle Awash River Basin Ethiopia

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