Extraction Optimization And Characterization Of Ethiopian Marula (sclerocarya Birrea) And Zigba (podocarpus Falcatus) Oils

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To investigate the potential use of marula (Sclerocarya birrea) and Podocarpus falcatus oilrnand to recommend the optimum extraction conditions, dried podo and marula seedsrnwere crushed to release the kernels and oil was extracted using n-hexane as a solventrnfor 2, 3 and 4 hours with moisture content of 9%, 12% and 15%. Main characteristics ofrnoptimized oil extract were determined. The average oil content was found to bern61.36% and 58.63 % respectively for S. birrea and P. falcatus with optimum extractionrnconditions of 12% moisture content and 3 hours of extraction. The saponification valuernof the oils were 190 mg KOH/g and 189.1 mg KOH/g oil, specific gravity at 150C wasrn0.899 and 0.90, peroxide value 4.2 and 4.4 mEq/kg, refractive index 1.467 and 1.47rnwhilst the average acid value was 3.6% and 4.0% respectively for S. birrea and P.rnfalcatus oils. The fatty acid profile of S. birrea and P. falcatus oils were determined usingrnGC-M S. Oleic acid was found to be the predominant fatty acid, 73.60% and 78.94%rnrespectively for S. birrea and P. falcatus oils. Analysis of the main characteristicsrnindicated that both S. birrea and P. falcatus oils have potential use in salad, cooking oilsrnand cosmetics application. Marula juice was extracted and characterized. The resultrnshowed 25% of marula fruit can be extracted to juice. The juice is rich in vitamin C,rn141.29 mg/100g and potassium 257.2mg/100g.rnKey words: Sclerocarya birrea, Podocarpus falcatus, Fatty acids profile, Optimum,rnmoisture content, extraction time, effect

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Extraction Optimization And Characterization Of Ethiopian Marula (sclerocarya Birrea) And Zigba (podocarpus Falcatus) Oils

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