Evaluation Of The Antimalarial Activity Of Some Ethiopian Medicinal Plants Against Plasmodium Falciparum In Vitro

Thirty-three crude extracts from nine Ethiopian medicinal plants that are used torntreat malaria were screened for antimalarial activity against a chloroquine-resistant FCM-29rnstrain of Plasmodiumjaiciparum in vitro. The measurement of radiolabelled hypoxanthinernincorporation by P. jaiciparum was used to assess inhibition of growth of the parasite.rnThree extracts, namely, chloroform and methanol extracts of leaves of Withania somnifera,rnand chloroform extract of leaves of Vernonia amygdalina, showed substantial antimalarialrnactivity with IC", and Ie.., values less than 20 and 100 pg/ml, respectively. The IC", andrnIe.., values of the remaining extracts were out of this range. The antimalarial activity ofrnthe three crude extracts improved by several-folds upon column-fractionation. These threerncrude extracts were also tested for cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells in vitro; all ofrnthem showed high cytotoxic activity. However, the antimalarial and cytotoxic componentsrnof the extracts have not been determined.

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