Studies On The Species Composition And Behaviour Of Anopheles Mosquitoes In Relation To Malaria Transmission In Doubti Woreda (afar Region)

The species composition and behavior of Anopheles mosquitoes was studied in threernselected agriculturally irrigated villages in Doubti Woreda (Afar region ) . Information onrnthe malaria cases were also gathered from Afar Regional Health Bureau and Doubtirnhospital . The results of malaria case data showed that malaria has perennial transmissionrnand its incidence increased from year to year. Plasmodium falciparum followed byrnPlasmodium vivax are the most frequently prevalent Plasmodium parasites in this area.rnAlthough both males and females are infected with malaria , males are more vulnerable.rnAge groups above 15 years are more affected followed by age groups 5- 14 years.rnLarvae collected from different breeding habitats throughout the study period showed thernpresence of two species: Anopheles arabiensis and Anopheles pharoensis, of whichrnAnopheles arabiensis was predominant and encountered in several breeding habitatsrnthroughout the study period.rnAdult Anophelines collected from different resting places revealed that both Anophelesrnarabiensis and Anopheles pharoensis predominantly rest indoors than outdoors.rnAnopheles arabiensis collected indoor by aspirator shows significance difference at %2 =rn5.544, P = 0.019. The biting behavior of these two species was predominantly exophagic.rnAnopheles arabiensis collected by human bait shows significance difference at %2 =rn30.0 IP = 0.00. However, CDC light trap collection of this species shows predominantlyrnindoor density at y2 = 65.47, P= 0.000. The parous rate of Anopheles arabiensis wasrn23.8% where as that of Anopheles pharoensis was 16.6%. The salivary glands dissectedrnfor sporozoite rate showed none of which were found infected with sporozoites.

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