Modeling For Inter-basin Groundwater Transfer Identification Between Middle Abay River Basin And Upper Awash River Basin

Groundwater flow models are important for the identification of inter-basin groundwaterrntransfer between adjacent basins. Numerical groundwater model, TAGSAC has been used tornstudy the inter-basin groundwater transfer (IBGWT) between middle Abay River basin andrnupper Awash River basin. Three steady state groundwater flow models (for middle Abay Riverrnbasin, upper Awash River basin and for the two combined basins) were first created andrncalibrated for the inventoried wells. The first two models were created by considering thernsurface water divide between the two basins as a no flow boundary. The third model avoids thernsurface water divide which justifies IBGWT. The calibration target for this study was thernhydraulic head; hydraulic conductivity and surface recharge were used as calibrationrnparameters. The goodness of fit indicators (GoFIs) that was obtained for the third model wasrnbetter than the other two models. This indicates the evidence of IBGWT between the twornbasins; i.e. groundwater flows from middle Abay River basin to Upper Awash River basin andrnfrom Upper Awash River basin to middle Abay River basin. In addition, the groundwater headrndistribution for third model showed that the groundwater divide and surface water divide werernnot coincident. And groundwater is easily accessed within a shallower depth in the UpperrnAwash River basin compared to the middle Abay River basin.

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