Knowledge Based System For Pre-medical Triage Treatment At Adama University Asella Hospital

Health problems touch every aspect of human life such as health condition, workingrnenvironment, family life, social relations, economic and political activities of every endeavor.rnHowever, health care services are not efficient throughout the world as it is required to be. Whilernthe burden of chronic disease in sub-Saharan Africa is very high, the current density andrndistribution of the health workforce suggested that sub-Saharan Africa can’t respond to therngrowing demand of chronic disease care. Ethiopia is one of the developing countries in sub-rnSahara Africa. In Ethiopia the health problems are a hot issue for every stakeholder, to minimizernthe death of citizen by different chronic diseases. In the health domain the gap exists due to lowrnpatient handling capacity of health institutions and the growing demand of individuals who needrnresponse from the health sectors.rnThe major challenge for health service in the country is shortage of skilled manpower in thernhealth sector. In Ethiopia the number of health professionals and patients’ demand arerndisproportionate. Some indicators of these problems are holding capacity mismatch, whichrnincludes emergency department (ED) over-crowded by number of patients’, ambulance servicernproblem and boarding of admitted patients due to lack of hospital beds. Most patients experiencernvery lengthy wait before receiving care, and some leave without getting treatment. Lacks ofrnenough knowledge among primary health care workers, allocation of insufficient budgets forrnhealth sectors and the absence of adequate awareness about epidemic illnesses are the otherrnchallenges that create obstacles to address the health care services satisfactorily. The factors arernthe challenges that affect the quality of health care service in hospitals and reduce the quality ofrndecisions made by physicians in the domain area.rnAs a result, objective of the study was to investigate the applicability of rule-based reasoningrnapproach in the development of knowledge based system for hospital triage service so as tornimprove the quality of decision made by general practitioners, to provide effective and efficientrnservices to the patients and to improve shortage of human expert in specific domain area.rnTo achieve this objective, domain knowledge is acquired using semi-structured interviewrntechnique is implemented. Domain experts are selected from Adama University Asella hospitalHealth problems touch every aspect of human life such as health condition, workingrnenvironment, family life, social relations, economic and political activities of every endeavor.rnHowever, health care services are not efficient throughout the world as it is required to be. Whilernthe burden of chronic disease in sub-Saharan Africa is very high, the current density andrndistribution of the health workforce suggested that sub-Saharan Africa can’t respond to therngrowing demand of chronic disease care. Ethiopia is one of the developing countries in sub-rnSahara Africa. In Ethiopia the health problems are a hot issue for every stakeholder, to minimizernthe death of citizen by different chronic diseases. In the health domain the gap exists due to lowrnpatient handling capacity of health institutions and the growing demand of individuals who needrnresponse from the health sectors.rnThe major challenge for health service in the country is shortage of skilled manpower in thernhealth sector. In Ethiopia the number of health professionals and patients’ demand arerndisproportionate. Some indicators of these problems are holding capacity mismatch, whichrnincludes emergency department (ED) over-crowded by number of patients’, ambulance servicernproblem and boarding of admitted patients due to lack of hospital beds. Most patients experiencernvery lengthy wait before receiving care, and some leave without getting treatment. Lacks ofrnenough knowledge among primary health care workers, allocation of insufficient budgets forrnhealth sectors and the absence of adequate awareness about epidemic illnesses are the otherrnchallenges that create obstacles to address the health care services satisfactorily. The factors arernthe challenges that affect the quality of health care service in hospitals and reduce the quality ofrndecisions made by physicians in the domain area.rnAs a result, objective of the study was to investigate the applicability of rule-based reasoningrnapproach in the development of knowledge based system for hospital triage service so as tornimprove the quality of decision made by general practitioners, to provide effective and efficientrnservices to the patients and to improve shortage of human expert in specific domain area.rnTo achieve this objective, domain knowledge is acquired using semi-structured interviewrntechnique is implemented. Domain experts are selected from Adama University Asella hospital using purposive sampling instrument. In addition, secondary data is acquired from differentrnsources such as journal articles, health care guidelines, manuals, books and different websites.rnThe conceptual model of the knowledge based system used a decision tree structure which isrneasy to understand and interpret the procedures involved in patient diagnoses. Based on thernconceptual model, the prototype is developed with LPA WIN prolog by using ‘if – then’ rules.rnThe prototype developed uses backward chaining to infer the rules and provide appropriaternrecommendations.rnGenerally, the performance of the prototype knowledge based system has got good acceptancernby the system evaluators. According to the system evaluators 85% of the users are satisfied withrnthe prototype. In addition, the performance of the system is evaluated by using predictivernvalidation techniques with twenty test cases. The results of the validation test case indicate thatrnthe prototype is about 80% accurate.rnIn the end, some recommendations are forwarded such as the integration of rule based reasoningrnwith case based reasoning to improve the performance of the inference engine, to develop thernknowledge based system in different local languages to enable the users to communicate usingrntheir own local language and to further strengthen the study in the domain area.

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