Low agricultural productivity and Land degradation have been important concerns in Ethiopia.rnDeclining soils quality is the major component for declining level of agricultural productivity.rnImprovement of soil quality has become major policy agenda. Low fertilizer application raterncoupled with in(Jbility of traditional fertility management practices have failed to maintain thernsoil quality at the required level. Farmers operate in different environmental context whichrnpresent certain capacities, opportunities and limitations. Since fertilizer is the long researchedrnand major productivity improving input, identification of determinants of fertilizer applicationrncontributes to improve low rate of application. Therefore, the general objective of this study isrnconcerned with identifYing demographic, socioeconomic and institutional factors that determinernfarmers' fertilizer application practices on Tef!. Both primary and secondary data sources werernused for this purpose. The data was analyzed using the probit model. It was found than farmerrnexperience with/ertilizer; Total livestock in TLU, Access to individual method of extension andrnnumber of manure application are the most important factors that positively influencedrnapplication of fertilizer on Tef!. Where as Age of the households head, family size, number ofrncompost application were found to influence the application of fertilizer on Tef! negatively. Thusrnthe implications of this study are strengthening Research and extension service, and improvingrnfarmers' access to finanCial capital are important areas of priority for the success of jillurernintervention strategies aimed at improving the level of production through integrated soilrnfe rtility management practices where use of fertilizer is a major component.