The main purpose of this research is to understand how and to what extent charcoal production andrntrade has been ajfecting the livelihood of pastoral communities in 'Galeila Dora' KebelernAdministration, Gewane Werecla, Afar Regional State. The study focused on how the local communitiesrnrespond to the negative effects of charcoal production ji'om indigenous trees. Household surveys, jocusrngroup discussion, and key informant interviews were made to collect some valuable data andrninformation relevant for this study. Besides, observation was also made to verify what has beenrnactually happening to the prosopis and indigenous trees in the study sites. The results reveal that thernbenefits and profits oblained ji'om charcoal production ./i'om prosopis tree, which was formallyrninitiated in this area, aUracted the interest of local communities, manage to improve the stat liS of theirrnlivelihoodfitrlher allracted by this business which later II.Irned their face to the illegal clilting andrnburning of indigenous trees for beller incomes ./i'om the sale of charcoals of high quality and highlyrndemanded by the consumers in urban areas. As time goes on, the illegal CUlling of indigenous treerncurrently reached an alarming stage requiring corrective action to be taken. Owing to this fact; thisrnstudy suggested that the regional and local government ojficials need to design systernatiG approachesrnon how to manage the indigenous trees. Moreover, taking legal action on charcoal producers ./i'omrnlegally prohibited indigenous trees other than the permitted prosopis tree is urgently needed.rnTherefore, all government offiCials at all levels of administration need to discharge their politicalrncommitment in close consu/lalion with the local coml11unities in ensunOng to encollnter the aggressivernremoval ofindigenous tree b40re their complete destrllction