Ethiopian economy is still highly depends on agriculture, however, the development of this sector isrnhampered by many factors, among which land degradation mainly due to soil erosion and nutrientrndepletion coupled with poverty, fast growing population and policy failures has become the mostrnimportant developmental problems in Ethiopia. Soil erosion particularly is a serious problem in the regionrnin general and in the study area in particular. Although lots of effort has been done to the intervention ofrnconservation program, the success has not been comparable with the efforts made. Therefore, this studyrnwas designed and conducted in Choke Mountain watershed with the objectives of examining farmers'rnperception of erosion problem, extent of community participation on SWC works, effectiveness ofrntechnologies and to analyze determinants of farmer' decision to maintain conservation structures. Tornachieve this objectives, relevant primary data was collected from household survey, focus grouprndiscussion, key informant interview and field observation; and also it was supplemented with secondOlYrndata collected from various publication, reports, and office contacts. The household survey was collectedrnfrom a randomly selected sample of J 20 household heads drawn from five rural kebeles of five differentrnagro-ecosystem zones of Choke Mountain watershed region by using probability proportional to samplernsize technique. Descriptive statistics with appropriate statistical tests and binOlY logistic regression modelrnwere employed to analyze collected data. Thus, this research presented important information,rnjustification and findings concerning conservation efforts made in the area. The survey result indicatedrnthat only 38% of sample respondents were maintaining constructed conservation measures regularlyrnwhereas the rest majority of them (63%) were decided either to remove after just mass construction of thernstructure or have no interest to maintain it regularly at all. The results also revealed that educational levelrnof the household head, perception of erosion, participation, effectiveness of technologies, extensionrncontact, land ownership and slope of the plot were found to be positively and significantly affectedrnfarmers' decision to use and maintain improved soil conservation technologies. Finally, importantrnrecommendations which were found to be of paramount importance from the findings of study arernsuggested for concerned bodies to the attainment of sustainable soil and water management activitiesrnwhich include: community empowerment, genuine community participation, appropriate technology, goodrninstitutional support and improved farming practices and appropriate livestock management werernrecommended.rnKey Words: Soil erosioll, SWC, Determillallts of SWC, Choke MOlllltain Watershed