Recently, climate change is becoming a global phenomena, but its impact is unevenly distributedrnamong the regions, economic class, age class and between males and females. This studyrnanalyzes the vulnerabililY of gender to climate change and variability in the three dominant agrornecologies of Bako Tibe district. Multi-stage stralified random sampling was designed, for whichrnIhe sample kebele, that represent Ihe respective agro ecology, was purposively selecled while Ihernsample households were randomly selected, keeping Ihe male and female headed householdrnrepresentatives equal in each kebele(agro ecologies).Accordingly, 138 household~ were surveyedrnin the dislrict, for which 46 household in each representative agro ecology andfinally, equalrnproportion of both gender were selected FGDs ,key informant interview and observations werernemployed to collect primary dala while secondary data was basically collected on metrologicalrndata jrom Bako Agricultural Research Center(BARC) for lowland ago ecology and Shamburnmetrological station for the olher two agro ecologies. The sludy used integrated vulnerabilityrnassessment method through the construction of indices ji-om the selecled indicator of exposure,rnsensitivity and adaptive capacity. The indicalors were weighled using Principal ComponentrnAnalysis (PCA). The overall result of gender profile aClivity assessment shows unequalrndislribution of workloads and unfair traditional work division between males and femalesrnfiguring that females discharges a higher work load and constrained wilh unfair work division inrnrelative to males. This unequal dislribution of work load and unfair work division darken thernoverall picture offemales in the community and shapes Ihe degree of vulnerability to climaternchange ,since it hampers the asset formation ,ownership and control of females, that filrtherrnbrings a lower livelihood asset pos~'ession in relative 10 males. The results of genderrnvulnerability analysis shows that females are relatively vulnerable to climate changes comparedrnto the males in their respective agro ecology even though their vUlnerability level varies acrossrnagro ecologies. The study implies that better possession of livelihood asset even under the slressrnfilii climatic condition lowers vulnerability level. The separale vulnerability analysis of male andrnfemale in different agro ecology shows Ihat the existing exposure in a locality is oflen modified atrnhousehold level depending upon the inherent adaptive capacity of gender to give the picture ofrnoverall vulnerability(i.e. lowland agro ecology). Using only Ihe biophysical indicators ofrnvulnerability (exposure and sensitivit)'l can thus lead to an erroneous policy implication.rnFurthermore, intra-agro ecology analysis of gender vulnerability indicates thai poor males andrnfemales with low adaplive capacities are vulnerable, irrespeclive of where they are locatedrnPolicy measures and development efforts should be focused towards improving the adaptiverncapacity of the rural households especially females, while keeping Ihe posl-disaster emergencyrnrelief measures in place for localilies with higher exposure to climate extremes. The females wilhrnlower livelihood asset should be the primary target of any interventions.rnKeywords: Gender, Vulnerabil ity, Cli mate change and variabi lity, Agro ecologies