The major objective of this study was to assess the buying behavior of the Ethiopian leather footwear exporting companies in terms of supplier selection criteria, buying center, and the factors affecting the purchasing process. In order to achieve the stated objective, multiple case study approach in the Ethiopian leather footwear manufacturing industry was used by selecting three companies. These companies are Anbessa Shoe Share Company, Tikur Abbay Shoe Share Company and Pickock Shoe Company. The source of case evidence was personal interview conducted with the responsible managers at each case company. Furthermore, the data was evaluated using within-case analysis followed by a cross-case analysis for easy data reduction, data display and drawing and verifying conclusions. The results showed that quality and delivery are the most important criteria by the case companies. Production facilities and capacity, financial position, procedural compliance and communication system are considerably important. Besides, the buying centers communication network and player in straight rebuy is the same as in modified rebuy. In addition, the roles in the buying center in both straight rebuy and modified rebuy is similar. The environmental, organizational, buying center and individual factor influences the buying process of the case companies. Thus, managers should clearly realize their buying center activities and internal and external factors in order to have smooth relationships with the finished leather suppliers and improve their footwear export performances.