Matrix-tree Theorem And Its Application

The middle East countries have maintained social, cultural, economic, and religious ties with thernHorn countries for many years. However, since the 2011 Arab Spring the rift among the MiddlernEast countries and the engagement of these countries with the Horn of Africa has shown anrnincrease. The 2015 Yemeni civil war and the 2017 GCC crisis have exacerbated the rift amongrnthe Middle East states and resulted in increased engagement of Middle Eastern countries in thernHorn of Africa for expanding their sphere of influence and serving their respective political,rneconomic, and security interests in the Horn of Africa.rnThe rift among the Middle Eastern countries in the Middle East and the export of their rift to thernHorn of Africa in terms of proliferation of military installation and ports, increase in militaryrntraining, military aid, and economic aid – coupled with their interventionist and coercive foreignrnpolicy towards the Horn has economic and security implications for the Horn of Africa inrnbroader terms and Ethiopia in particular. The purpose of this study is to examine and analyzernthe increased engagement of Middle Eastern countries with the Horn of Africa, and its economicrnand security implications to Ethiopia and put forward some policy recommendations thatrnEthiopia should adopt to minimize the negative impacts and maximize the benefits of suchrnengagement of Middle East countries in the Horn of Africa. In doing so, the researcher deployedrna qualitative methodology. Accordingly, investment, trade, and tourism data and data gatheredrnfrom key informant interviews, and secondary sources of data were analyzed.rnHence, in terms of economic implication, the research has found that the economy of Ethiopiarnhas been least impacted by the competitive engagement of Middle East countries in the Horn ofrnAfrica. On the other hand, the research shows that the increased engagement of Middle Eastrncountries in the Horn of Africa is a threat to the security of Ethiopia. Based on the findings, thernstudy suggests the need to ensure the continuity of inward-looking foreign policy orientation ofrnthe country, and the policy of neutrality towards the Middle East countries. Moreover, thernresearcher emphasizes the need to promote a negotiated settlement of rift among the Middle Eastrnstates to minimize the impacts and maximize the benefits of increased engagement of Middle Eastrncountries in the Horn of Africa.rnKeywords: Competition, Economy, Inward-looking, Neutrality, Rift, Rivalry, Security

Get Full Work

Report copyright infringement or plagiarism