Assessment Of Transfusion Transmissible Infections Among Blood Donors (a Six Years Study) And Strategy On Direct Laboratory Testing Cost Of Blood Screening At National Blood Transfusion Service Of Addis Ababa Ethiopia

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virusrn(HIV) and syphilis are the most serious infections transmitted during blood transfusion. In such arnresource limited setting, cheaper and feasible alternative strategies for blood donations testingrnare specifically required. However, updated data on the transfusion transmissible infectionsrn(TTIs), and cost effective strategies of blood screening are lacking.rnObjective: To determine the prevalence of transfusion transmissible infections among bloodrndonorsfrom July 2008 to July 2013and propose cost effective strategy of blood screening atrnNational Blood Bank of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.rnMethodology:A retrospective analysis of blood donors’ record covering the period from Julyrn2008 to July 2013 was conducted. The data was collected from the National Blood TransfusionrnServices (NBTS) of Addis Ababa and includes category of all donors and result for TTI markers.rnIn addition, direct laboratory costs of parallel versus sequential strategy of blood screening wererncompared. To compare the strategies we used the current price of the laboratory costs. Data wasrnfirst exported to Excel spread sheet from the institution’s data base and then finally exported tornSPSS version 16 software (SPSS INC, Chicago, IL, USA) for analysis.Data analysis wasrnperformed using scores and odds ratio using same software to look for an association betweenrndependent and independent variables. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant.rnResult: A total of 173,207 consecutive blood donors were screened between 2008 andrn2013.The overall seroprevalence rate ofHBV, HIV, HCV and syphilis of blood donors was 5.0%,rn1.6%, 1.4% and 0.1%respectively. The HIV-HBV confection was higher among blood donorsrn135(41.79%) followed by HBV-HCV co-infection which accounts about 103(31.89%).rnSignificantly increased seroprevalence of TTI’s was observed in the age groups of 17-25 and 26-rn35 years. In this study, the difference in cost between the current in use strategy (Parallel) versusrnour proposed newly designed sequential testing algorithm was 746,773.90 ETB.rnConclusion: A significant percentage of the blood donors harbor TTIs. Higher prevalence ofrnTTIs was observed among youths and replacement donors. The direct laboratory cost analysisrnusing current in use strategy (parallel) was higher than the newly designed sequential testingrnalgorithm. Thus, the new strategy can be implemented to make screening of TTIs cost effectivernin the face of the current effort of large mobilization of voluntary blood donors in the country

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