Prevalence Of Bacterial Isolates From Cerebrospinal Fluid Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern And Associated Risk Factors With Special Emphasis On Streptococcus Pneomoniae Among Pediatrics Suspected Meningitis Patients

Background: Bacterial meningitis remains a major cause of mortality and morbidity inrnneonatology and pediatrics patients in many countries of the world including Ethiopia.rnInformation on prevalence of bacterial meningitis, susceptibility of the causative microorganismrnto rationalize treatment and associated risk factors is scare among pediatrics groups.rnObjective: To isolate bacteria’s from CSF specimen, determine antimicrobial susceptibilityrnpattern and to assess associated risk factors with special emphasis on Streptococcus pneumoniaernamong pediatrics suspected meningitis patients attending pediatrics clinic at Tikur Anbessa andrnYekatit 12 specialized hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.rnMethodology: A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted at Tikur Anbessa andrnYekatit 12 specialized hospitals, from September, 2013 to January, 2014. A consecutivernsampling technique was used. Three hundred eighty five pediatrics patients attending the hospitalrnat pediatrics ward that were gave CSF samples for diagnostic purpose were enrolled in the study.rnSamples were taken from them and analyzed according to standard microbiological (culture)rnprocedures, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern were determined using disc diffusion techniquernand serological (BinaxNOW streptococcus pneumoniae antigen test) procedure was also done.rnDatas were double entered with EPI INFO version 3.5.3 and analyzed using SPSS version 21rnsoftware. Binary logistic regression was used to identify the association between variables.rnSensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV were used to see the performance of the ICT.rnResult: Bacterial pathogens were isolated from 17 patients showing an isolation rate ofrn4.4%.Among these, 58.8% and 41.2% were gram negative and gram positive organismsrnrespectively. The most commonly isolated bacteria were S.pneumoniae (35.3%), followed byrnNeisseria meningitidis (11.8%). Among all risk factors assessed, none of them were statisticallyrnsignificant with suspected meningitis cases (p>0.05). The antimicrobial sensitivity remained highrnfor third generation cephalosporins for most of the isolates. The ICT increased the detection ofrnpneumococcus over culture.rnConclusion The prevalence of bacterial isolates in this study was 4.4%. Antigen detectionrn(BinaxNOW S.pneumoniae test in our study) is a better adjuvant to culture. Frequency of singlernas well as multiple drug resistance was very high among the bacterial isolates. Area specificrnperiodic evaluation of antimicrobial susceptibility test will be important

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