Investigation Of Urine Cotinine Levels As Indicators Of Tobacco Use And Passive Smoking With Parameters Of Metabolic Syndrome Among Adults In Chena Wacha

Background: Active and passive cigarette smokers produce the nicotine metabolite, cotinine,rnwhich can be detected in the urine. Smoking increases the risk of metabolic syndrome, includesrnabnormalities in lipid profile, blood glucose, blood pressure, BMI and waist circumference.rnObjective: The study, investigate urine cotinine levels as indicators of tobacco use and passivernsmoking, with parameters of metabolic syndrome among adult in Chenna wacha, SNNPR.rnMethod: A cross sectional study was done on a total of seventy smokers (46 active and 24rnpassive). Smoking history was obtained from the participants which was then used to calculaternsmoking consumption in pack-years. In this study, current active smokers were classified basedrnon the number of pack-years as into mild to moderate (1 – 10 pack-years) and heavy (more thanrn10 pack-years. Parameters of metabolic syndrome were determined using standard methods,rnwhile urine cotinine was determined using COT® one step cotinine test device at a cut-off of 200rnng/mL. Data analyses were performed with SPSS16.0 system.rnResult: The finding of the study indicates that 88.7 % of active smokers and 11.3 % of passivernsmokers were positive for urine cotinine, with substantial agreement between cotinine test resultsrnand self-reported cigarette use (kappa 0.63). Among five children taken from four families inrnwhich there was an active smoker in the home, two out of the five (40%) were positive for urinerncotinine. The study also shows that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome, based on thernoccurrence of at least three components of metabolic syndrome, was 5/46 (10.8 %) in activernsmokers and 2/19 (10.5 %) among passive smokers. Taking mild to moderate smokers asrnreference, heavy smokers were relatively underweight with statistical significance (OR 7.90; p=rn0.004). Adult passive smokers were not significantly underweight compared with mild-to-rnmoderate smokers (OR 2.09; p= 0.234). As the number of pack-years of smoking increasedrnamong smokers, they had an increased number of parameters of metabolic syndrome.rnConclusion: This study shows that urine cotinine measurements are a practically convenient andrnvaluable tool for objectively assessing smoking and passive smoking in Ethiopia, and detectedrnpassive smokers, including children as young as 6 years old. Some parameters of metabolicrnsyndrome showed a significant association with the level of smoking.rnKey words: Cotinine, urine, metabolic syndrome

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