Effects Of Depo-medroxyprogesterone Acetate (dmpa) On Lipid Profile Body Weight And Blood Pressure Among Women In Tekele Hymanot And Lomeda Health Centers Addis Ababa Ethiopia

Back ground: Depo-medroxyprogesterone Acetate (DMPA) is a long acting, injectablernprogesterone derivative contraceptive which is currently used by more than 90 million womenrnworldwide, including Ethiopia. This contraceptive is suggested to induce changes in lipid profile,rnbody weight and blood pressure among various populations and ethnic group with differentrnpatterns, similar to those associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD).rnObjective: To investigate the effects of use of DMPA on lipid profile, body weight and bloodrnpressure of women attending family planning unit in Tekele Hymanot and Lomeda HealthrnCenters, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.rnMethods: Institutional based cross-sectional study design was followed on 50 healthy womenrnwho had been using DMPA attending the family planning unit and another 50 age-matchedrnhealthy controls who were not using any hormonal contraceptives, attending the family planningrnand other unit in Health Centers between 14 February, 2015 and 13 March, 2015. Fasting bloodrnsamples were collected from the study participants for the estimation of total cholesterol (TC),rntriglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and low-density lipoproteinrncholesterol (LDL-c) levels, and the weight and blood pressure were measured during their visit.rnThe data obtained was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 21 software packages. Duringrnanalysis descriptive statistics of variables was done. Student’s independent t-test, student’srnpaired t-test, Pearson’s correlation-test and one-way ANOVA analysis of variance were used tornevaluate the presence of mean difference, correlation between variables and relationship betweenrnchanges in variables and duration of use of DMPA.rnResults: Serum TC and LDL-c levels in DMPA users were significantly increased compared torncontrols (P=.003 and P =.001, respectively), on the other hand, serum HDL-c level in DMPArnusers was significantly decreased (P =.001) compared to controls. Serum TG level in DMPArnusers was higher than control group, however, the difference was not statistically significantrn(P=.24). The mean weight and body mass index (BMI) of DMPA users were increasedrnsignificantly (P =.02 and P =.019, respectively). There were no significant difference in meanrnarterial blood pressure (MAP) of DMPA users compared to controls or compared to theirrnrespective pretreatment value (P=.85, P=.67, respectively). Changes in variables of DMPA usersrnwere independent (P>.05) to the duration of use of DMPA (6-24, 27-48 and 51-96 months).rnConclusions: Use of DMPA induces marked changes in lipid metabolism which includedrndevelopment of high serum TC, LDL-c, TC to HDL-c and LDL-c to HDL-c ratio levels and arnmarked decrease in serum HDL-c level compared to controls. DMPA users showed weight gainrnand an increased BMI. All these changes appeared to be independent to the duration of use ofrnDMPA. But, DMPA use didn’t exert significant change in MAP of users.rnKey words: DMPA, lipid profiles, weight gain, body mass index, blood pressure

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