Characterization And Pathogenicity Of Blast Pathogen (pyricularia Grisea Of Wild Finger Millet (eleusine Africana And Its Control Using Biological Antagonists And Fungicides

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Blast (Pyricularia grisea) is an important disease of wild finger millet (Eleusine africana). Itrncauses disease on a wide variety of alternative hosts including agriculturally important plantsrnsuch as finger millet (E. coracana) in Ethiopia. A total of twenty six isolates of P. grisea werernisolated from infected wild finger millet plants from 5 different zones of Ethiopia. From therninitial twenty six isolates, only nine isolates were selected for the detailed morphological,rncultural, physiological and biochemical characterization based on their geographical locationrnand isolate type, whether it is isolated from stem, leaf, neck or seed parts. Among the differentrnmedia used host seed extract + 2% sucrose agar and oatmeal agar were found to be the best forrnmycelial growth and sporulation of the isolates, dextrose was the most preferred among therncarbon sources and NaNo3 proved to be the best source of nitrogen for all the isolates. Thernshape, color and compactness of the fungal colonies varied with the media used. At pH 6.5 allrnthe isolates exhibited maximum mean dry mycelial weight, and found optimum pH. The optimumrntemperature range for the maximum growth of the isolates of P. grisea was found to be 20°C torn30°C. All the six P. grisea studied under green house for their pathogenicity, were able to infectrnall the tested varieties. Among an In vitro evaluated fungicide against the test pathogen, bothrnCurzate and Sancozeb fungicides showed varied levels of antifungal activity and the highestrnconcentration (800 and 1000ppm) of fungicides were found of inhibiting the growth of thernisolates of P. grisea. With regard to the efficacy of the fungicides, Sancozeb was found to be thernmost effective to inhibit the isolates. Among in vitro tested biocontrol agents viz. Trichodermarnviride, Trichoderma harzianum and Pseudomonas fluorescence, the growth of Trichodermarnspecies was fast, the clear inhibition zones were not formed in all incubated Petri plates,rntherefore it was more effective than the bacterial antagonist. Compatibility of the biocontrolrnagents with different fungicides (Curzate and Sancozeb) that is., Trichoderma harzianum andrnTrichoderma viride in an in vitro condition resulted in that, both Curzate and Sancozeb, in lowerrnconcentrations (100, 200, and 400ppm) were found well tolerated with both Trichoderma speciesrnand hence they were shown effective in managing plant pathogens. Combining antagonists withrnsynthetic chemicals eliminates the chance of resistance development and reduces the fungicidernapplication.rnKeywords: Finger millet, Pyricularia grisea, biocontrol, fungicide, compatibility, pathogenicity

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Characterization And Pathogenicity Of Blast Pathogen (pyricularia Grisea Of Wild Finger Millet (eleusine Africana And Its Control Using Biological Antagonists And Fungicides

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