Background - Smoking is currently considered one of the leading problems in public healthrnworldwide, and it is one of the most preventable causes of death. Cigarette consumption killedrnover 6 million people, nearly 80% in low and middle income countries in 2011. Smoking isrnprevalent in the general population even this may be increased in patients with mental condition.rnPeople with mental illness have high rates of morbidity and mortality from smoking relatedrnillnesses such as cardiovascular disease, respiratory diseases and cancer.rnObjectives â€“The aim of the this study was to assess the prevalence of cigarette smoking andrnassociated factors among psychiatric outpatients at Dessie referral hospital, Ethiopia march,2017.rnMethod â€“ Institutional based cross sectional study was carried out in Dessie referral hospitalrnpsychiatric outpatients. The final calculated sample size was 281. A pretested questionnairernadapted from world health organization Global youth Tobacco survey was used assess the use ofrntobacco and associated factors and modified as appropriate to address the study objectives wasrnused to assess alcohol use disorder in psychiatric patients. The study was conducted from marchrn1 - march 30, 2017.rnResults: The prevalence of cigarette smoking among psychiatric outpatients was 25.6%. Amongrnthis the prevalence of cigarette smoking in persons with schizophrenia, bipolar I disorders, majorrndepressive disorders and anxiety disorder were 10.75%, 8.1%,3.7% and 2.9%%, respectively.rnCigarette smoking was strongly associated with male gender, being schizophrenic, and khat use.rnConclusion and recommendation:rnThe current prevalence of cigarette smoking was high amongst persons with mental disorders.rnAttention should be given routine screening for cigarette smoking in psychiatric patients andrnconsequent management of smoking along with psychiatric management.rnKey words: Smoking, mental health, determinants