Background: Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC)- is found to improve the survival of preterm and low birth babies. rnMothers who practice are more sensitive to changes in their babies. In spite of these benefits, mothers face barriersrnto practice KMC; some of these are inadequacy of resources, lack of support from staff and family and, lowrnawareness about KMC. rnObjective: To assess challenges faced by mothers practicing Kangaroo mother care in Neonatal intensive care unitrnin public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2020 rnMethods: The study is institutional based cross sectional quantitative study. The study area was selected byrnsystematic random sampling method. Five public hospitals that provide NICU service were including in the study.rnThe desired sample size for the study was 237 calculated using a single population proportion formula. A structuredrnquestionnaire was administered for data collection. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was used for analysis.rnStrength of association was measured using odds ratio, and 95% confidence intervals. Statistical significance isrndeclared at P value